It happens more often than not. A LEO is forced to use deadly force and the facts of the events leading to the shooting and the shooting itself clearly support a lawful, appropriate application of force. The criminal investigators interview witnesses who support the use of deadly force and the administrative investigation reveals no violation of departmental policy or state or federal law. This should not surprise anyone as LEOs in the United States are exposed to a tremendous number of training opportunities after they complete training academies. Judgmental use of deadly force classes and simulators as well as role play training leads to this result.

When I speak with and train LEOs, especially about the use of deadly force, I often hear this question, “Why would I need a lawyer if the use of deadly force was clearly justified?” This question strikes at the heart of the use of…